I'm in a cleaning mood. I'm happily throwing out lots of papers I've hoarded for far too long, but before I throw out this I thought I'd share the contents with you. It wasn't easy to compile this list. It took me a while to find out the requirements by visiting one organization or another and/or talking to different civil servants in France. Some say you need to see a lawyer, but almost no one does. It's a waste of money. Anyway, here is the list of paperwork you need to become a French citizen. It's for asking the "privelege of being naturalized French". If you marry a Frenchman, have French blood, or were born in France there is a slightly different process. In those cases you are asking for the "right of being naturalized French".
French Naturalization
1) Fill out the naturalization form (twice). It's found on the gouv.fr site or available at any prefecture. It takes a lot of time to fill in. They ask for extensive information about family, studies, jobs, lifestyle.
2) You need an original certified copy of your birth certificate with an Apostille on it (official seal from the state in which you were born). This all must be translated into French by an official certified translator.
3) You also need a copy of your dad's birth certificate, your mom's birth certificate, plus their marriage certificate. All of them must also be translated by an official certified translator too.
4) A copy of your original foreign passport
5) Four photos of a certain size (don't remember, but you can get them easily from any photographer in France). The photomaton machine at the Prefecture is fine enough.
6) A photocopy of your "titre de séjour" or "carte de résident". You must have lived in France legally for five uninterruped years.
7) Three years of work contracts and payslips. The contracts must indicate salary, starting and end date, and job occupied, Slips guaranteeing monthly unemployment allowances also count.
8) Go to the Trésor Public in your French town and ask for a "Bordereau de situation fiscal" for the last three years. This proves you have paid all the types of taxes you need to pay and you are in a good situation. For this you must go to the National Treasury Office
9) Photocopy of your "Avis d'imposition" for the last three years. This is a document also related to income taxes and revenue that you can obtain at the Income Tax Office (le Fisc).
10) Photocopy of rental contacts for the last three years or documents showing you have bought a house.
11) Photocopy of EDF bills (electricity bills) for the last three years or telephone bills for last three years.
12) Copy of a bank statement from your French bank
13) A "Extrait de casier judiciaire"- a police/ military document certifying you have committed no crime in the last ten years.
14) After you have taken those documents to the Prefecture and they have been approved, you will be told to schedule an interview with the French Gendarmerie (National Police, equivalent FBI/CIA) which will be a thorough investigation into your background. (This is the most stressful part, but goes well if you have nothing to hide). They will ask many personal and professional questions.
15) You must schedule an oral exam at the nearest prefecture to prove fluency in the French language.
These were the requirements as of December 2013. Perhaps they have changed since but I doubt it. It has been the same for many years already and the government is reluctant to amend this. Hope it can be of some use to somebody. So, yes, once again, France is a nation of paper and bureaucracy. Do not get rid of any important document. It could come back to haunt you. If your goal is to become French, start thinking about this a few years in advance so you can be sure to have all the required documents.
Friday, December 27, 2013
Wednesday, December 25, 2013
Catalan independence movement
As I wrote a few years ago about the tug of war between Catalonia and Spain as well as the use of the Catalan and Spanish languages in this area, I thought I would give an update on the situation. Previous posts: catalonia2 and catalonia1
The independence movement in Catalonia has grown in the past year and just might have a majority, slightly over 50% of the people in favor of breaking away from Spain.
There are two types of secessionists in Catalonia: the nationalists and people who think independence would result in a better life.
The first group I mention is always more or less for Independence, 25% on a beautiful day, up to 35%+ on a bad rainy day. This is most likely the latter nowadays. Recent surveys have shown a paradox in the use of the Catalan language in the region. More people than ever (more than 90%) understand the language and can use it. Around 75% can also speak it. Besides more audio-visual material, be it books, translations, internet use, TV, movies, radio, has also increased dramatically in the last few years. However, on the flipside, actual daily use is down. People with Catalan as a mother tongue has decreased to a historic low, 35%, and it is said that more than 70% of conversations in Catalonia are in Spanish. Plus within Catalan, the use of a lighter version mixed with Spanish is also commonplace. As such linguistics predict that within the midterm future if nothing changes Catalan will not die, just melt into Spanish as a regional form of it.
In this atmosphere, the new government of Spain has striven to re-centralize the region. Since the Supreme court has made null and void most of the laws making Catalan the preferred language of Catalonia, they have pushed reform to reintroduce Spanish into the school system and set up a 50-50 quota between Catalan and Spanish in all areas. The idea they propose is simple: people should be able to use whenever they choose whichever of the official languages. In light of the studies, nationalists now believe that Catalan language and culture cannot survive without independence. This group also surmises that the central government actually aspires for it to die.
Besides language use, the Spanish rightist government of the Partido Popular has enacted many other laws to effectively undermine the large autonomy granted to the region in the 1990's. They aim to take backs rights given by previous administrations to Catalonia and other regions. The reason is the economic crisis the whole nation has been suffering since 2008. Apparently, there was a lot of corruption in autonomous areas where budgets were misused for grandiose projects and a frenzy of building that never ended up benefiting anyone. Laws became vastly different from one region to another. The politicians in one area or another were of different political nature and this added to a culture of mutual contempt and little desire for cooperation or harmonization in policies. At times shady deals between ministers and private companies and assumed embezzlement into Swiss bank acccounts were almost commonplace. Meanwhile the past central government turned a blind on this situation. Nowadays, however, fueled by the demands of Europe, Mariano Rajoy is striving to cut expenses drastically and abolish privileges that had come to be considered as rights of the people.
Catalonia, arguably the richest region in Spain, was hit hardest be the crisis. Many jobs in industry and service have been lost. Expenses here are at the highest. Promoting the Catalan language is expensive. Consider just the subsidies given to entities sponsoring the language as well as to the film industry to dub and subtitle movies for use in Catalonia. The social network is also more highly developed here than in the rest of Spain. The result was bankruptcy and a bailout by the Spanish government that was not unconditional. Cutbacks in Catalonia are the highest, re-centralization is de rigueur, and taxes have risen. Protests are frequent and the response of the Spanish government is "Too bad! Our way or the highway!"
The nationalists have promoted the idea that their nation has been invaded by Madrid, and is bleeding it dry. If Catalonia is suffering in spite of being the richest region and other regions in Spain aren't, the reason is simple. Spain has unfairly taken all their money through taxation and budget allowances, then unbelievably forces them to beg for a piece of it back, just so it can humiliate hardworking Catalans. And to boot, it insults their languages and revokes their inalienable rights to govern themselves as a people. Politicians show the new highway system in Madrid and the high speed rail linking Madrid, Valencia, Seville and Galicia as pilfering their money for others' comfort. Besides, other poorer regions have balanced their budgets in recent times despite their lack of industry and/or dependence on agriculture. All in all a percentage of non-nationalists have been convinced that Madrid is the enemy and that Catalonia could make it better alone if it didn't have to pay Spain tribute or be submitted to its laws. Even the idea that Spain hates Catalonia and has planned to kill it has made inroads. But, imagine the prosperity that freedom could bring!
At the present time a game of chicken is being played out. After Madrid refused to change its policy and offer Catalonia a new tax system it splitting resources, the nationalist leader Artur Mas called for new elections on an independence platform. Surprisingly he lost support but still managed to claim victory after forming a coalition government with other leftist, more radical secessionists. He has vowed not to comply with a number of the new Spanish laws, including the ones enforcing the use of Spanish or demanding more cutbacks and plans to hold a referendum on independence one way or another. Madrid, however, pledges to force him to comply. As per referendums, the Spanish constitutions forbids them and declares Spain to be united and loyal to its king. They will suspend autonomy and take direct control of the region if needed. This has already happened in the past in the Basque country, so it is not without precedent. Artur Mas, in the meantime, says he's up for a fight, in Spain, in Europe, in the Hague, at the UN, wherever. Using the metaphor of a ship, he states that it is better to fight the armada and lose then end up wrecked on the rocks.
Stay tuned for what happens next!
The independence movement in Catalonia has grown in the past year and just might have a majority, slightly over 50% of the people in favor of breaking away from Spain.
There are two types of secessionists in Catalonia: the nationalists and people who think independence would result in a better life.
The first group I mention is always more or less for Independence, 25% on a beautiful day, up to 35%+ on a bad rainy day. This is most likely the latter nowadays. Recent surveys have shown a paradox in the use of the Catalan language in the region. More people than ever (more than 90%) understand the language and can use it. Around 75% can also speak it. Besides more audio-visual material, be it books, translations, internet use, TV, movies, radio, has also increased dramatically in the last few years. However, on the flipside, actual daily use is down. People with Catalan as a mother tongue has decreased to a historic low, 35%, and it is said that more than 70% of conversations in Catalonia are in Spanish. Plus within Catalan, the use of a lighter version mixed with Spanish is also commonplace. As such linguistics predict that within the midterm future if nothing changes Catalan will not die, just melt into Spanish as a regional form of it.
In this atmosphere, the new government of Spain has striven to re-centralize the region. Since the Supreme court has made null and void most of the laws making Catalan the preferred language of Catalonia, they have pushed reform to reintroduce Spanish into the school system and set up a 50-50 quota between Catalan and Spanish in all areas. The idea they propose is simple: people should be able to use whenever they choose whichever of the official languages. In light of the studies, nationalists now believe that Catalan language and culture cannot survive without independence. This group also surmises that the central government actually aspires for it to die.
Besides language use, the Spanish rightist government of the Partido Popular has enacted many other laws to effectively undermine the large autonomy granted to the region in the 1990's. They aim to take backs rights given by previous administrations to Catalonia and other regions. The reason is the economic crisis the whole nation has been suffering since 2008. Apparently, there was a lot of corruption in autonomous areas where budgets were misused for grandiose projects and a frenzy of building that never ended up benefiting anyone. Laws became vastly different from one region to another. The politicians in one area or another were of different political nature and this added to a culture of mutual contempt and little desire for cooperation or harmonization in policies. At times shady deals between ministers and private companies and assumed embezzlement into Swiss bank acccounts were almost commonplace. Meanwhile the past central government turned a blind on this situation. Nowadays, however, fueled by the demands of Europe, Mariano Rajoy is striving to cut expenses drastically and abolish privileges that had come to be considered as rights of the people.
Catalonia, arguably the richest region in Spain, was hit hardest be the crisis. Many jobs in industry and service have been lost. Expenses here are at the highest. Promoting the Catalan language is expensive. Consider just the subsidies given to entities sponsoring the language as well as to the film industry to dub and subtitle movies for use in Catalonia. The social network is also more highly developed here than in the rest of Spain. The result was bankruptcy and a bailout by the Spanish government that was not unconditional. Cutbacks in Catalonia are the highest, re-centralization is de rigueur, and taxes have risen. Protests are frequent and the response of the Spanish government is "Too bad! Our way or the highway!"
The nationalists have promoted the idea that their nation has been invaded by Madrid, and is bleeding it dry. If Catalonia is suffering in spite of being the richest region and other regions in Spain aren't, the reason is simple. Spain has unfairly taken all their money through taxation and budget allowances, then unbelievably forces them to beg for a piece of it back, just so it can humiliate hardworking Catalans. And to boot, it insults their languages and revokes their inalienable rights to govern themselves as a people. Politicians show the new highway system in Madrid and the high speed rail linking Madrid, Valencia, Seville and Galicia as pilfering their money for others' comfort. Besides, other poorer regions have balanced their budgets in recent times despite their lack of industry and/or dependence on agriculture. All in all a percentage of non-nationalists have been convinced that Madrid is the enemy and that Catalonia could make it better alone if it didn't have to pay Spain tribute or be submitted to its laws. Even the idea that Spain hates Catalonia and has planned to kill it has made inroads. But, imagine the prosperity that freedom could bring!
At the present time a game of chicken is being played out. After Madrid refused to change its policy and offer Catalonia a new tax system it splitting resources, the nationalist leader Artur Mas called for new elections on an independence platform. Surprisingly he lost support but still managed to claim victory after forming a coalition government with other leftist, more radical secessionists. He has vowed not to comply with a number of the new Spanish laws, including the ones enforcing the use of Spanish or demanding more cutbacks and plans to hold a referendum on independence one way or another. Madrid, however, pledges to force him to comply. As per referendums, the Spanish constitutions forbids them and declares Spain to be united and loyal to its king. They will suspend autonomy and take direct control of the region if needed. This has already happened in the past in the Basque country, so it is not without precedent. Artur Mas, in the meantime, says he's up for a fight, in Spain, in Europe, in the Hague, at the UN, wherever. Using the metaphor of a ship, he states that it is better to fight the armada and lose then end up wrecked on the rocks.
Stay tuned for what happens next!
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